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Research Network Working Paper, 452. A dynamic analysis of household decision-making in Latin America / Orazio Attanasio
Título de serie: Research Network Working Paper, 452 Título : A dynamic analysis of household decision-making in Latin America : changes in household structure, female labor force participation, human capital and Its returns Tipo de documento: texto impreso Autores: Orazio Attanasio ; Miguel Szekely Editorial: Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo Fecha de publicación: 2002 Número de páginas: 36 p Idioma : Inglés Temas: AMERICA LATINA
ASPECTOS ECONOMICOS
ASPECTOS SOCIALES
BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
CAPITAL HUMANO
EMPLEO DE LA MUJER
MUJERES
POBREZAClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: This paper presents the results of the Inter-American Development Bank Research Network project "A Dynamic Analysis of Household Decision Making in Latin America". En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788079 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=73043 Research Network Working Paper, 452. A dynamic analysis of household decision-making in Latin America : changes in household structure, female labor force participation, human capital and Its returns [texto impreso] / Orazio Attanasio ; Miguel Szekely . - Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, 2002 . - 36 p.
Idioma : Inglés
Temas: AMERICA LATINA
ASPECTOS ECONOMICOS
ASPECTOS SOCIALES
BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
CAPITAL HUMANO
EMPLEO DE LA MUJER
MUJERES
POBREZAClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: This paper presents the results of the Inter-American Development Bank Research Network project "A Dynamic Analysis of Household Decision Making in Latin America". En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788079 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=73043 Reserva
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Inventario Ubicación en el estante Tipo de medio Sección Ubicación Estado 038444 338.9 RES v.452 Libro Colección Biblioteca Central Disponible Research Network Working Paper, 463. The economic effects of unions in Latin America / M. Victoria Murillo
Título de serie: Research Network Working Paper, 463 Título : The economic effects of unions in Latin America : teachers' unions and education in Argentina Tipo de documento: texto impreso Autores: M. Victoria Murillo ; Mariano Tommasi ; Lucas Ronconi ; Juan Sanguinetti Editorial: Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo Fecha de publicación: 2002 Número de páginas: 51 p Idioma : Inglés Temas: AMERICA LATINA
ARGENTINA
ASPECTOS ECONOMICOS
BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
EDUCACION
FORMACION DOCENTE
SINDICATOSClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: This paper considers the effects of trade unions on the education sector in Argentina. We have provided a substantial amount of new information and we have found useful preliminary results on some of the channels of union influence on the performance of this crucial sector. We find that those provinces where teacher unionism is fragmented, where union density is higher and where political relations with the governor are more conflictual, have more strikes (fewer class days). Based on estimates of education production functions both in this paper and elsewhere, we expect this to translate into lower student performance. We then find a number of weak conclusions related to the impact that unions have on several variables that affect students’ performance (i.e., teachers’ tenure, job satisfaction, class size, education budget and teachers’ salaries). Reviewing these results, we conclude that the impact of unions on students’ performance depends on the channel and kind of political market where unions operate, but not on the existence of unions per se. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788089 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=73006 Research Network Working Paper, 463. The economic effects of unions in Latin America : teachers' unions and education in Argentina [texto impreso] / M. Victoria Murillo ; Mariano Tommasi ; Lucas Ronconi ; Juan Sanguinetti . - Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, 2002 . - 51 p.
Idioma : Inglés
Temas: AMERICA LATINA
ARGENTINA
ASPECTOS ECONOMICOS
BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
EDUCACION
FORMACION DOCENTE
SINDICATOSClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: This paper considers the effects of trade unions on the education sector in Argentina. We have provided a substantial amount of new information and we have found useful preliminary results on some of the channels of union influence on the performance of this crucial sector. We find that those provinces where teacher unionism is fragmented, where union density is higher and where political relations with the governor are more conflictual, have more strikes (fewer class days). Based on estimates of education production functions both in this paper and elsewhere, we expect this to translate into lower student performance. We then find a number of weak conclusions related to the impact that unions have on several variables that affect students’ performance (i.e., teachers’ tenure, job satisfaction, class size, education budget and teachers’ salaries). Reviewing these results, we conclude that the impact of unions on students’ performance depends on the channel and kind of political market where unions operate, but not on the existence of unions per se. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788089 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=73006 Reserva
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Inventario Ubicación en el estante Tipo de medio Sección Ubicación Estado 038395 338.9 RES v.463 Libro Colección Biblioteca Central Disponible Research Network Working Paper, 466. The economic effects of unions in Latin America / Adriana Cassoni
Título de serie: Research Network Working Paper, 466 Título : The economic effects of unions in Latin America : their impact on wages and the economic performance of firms in Uruguay Tipo de documento: texto impreso Autores: Adriana Cassoni ; Gastón J. Labadie ; Gabriela Fachola Editorial: Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo Fecha de publicación: 2002 Número de páginas: 49 p Idioma : Inglés Temas: AMERICA LATINA
ASPECTOS ECONOMICOS
BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
EMPRESAS
NEGOCIOS
SALARIOS
SINDICATOS
URUGUAYClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: This study examines the impact of unionization and the level of centralization in bargaining, at the level of the industry or the firm, on wages and on the economic performance of firms within the manufacturing sector in Uruguay, using a panel of establishments for the period 1988 to 1995. In doing so, we control for the degree of exposure to international and regional competition as well as for industry and firm characteristics. The main findings suggest that unionization increases wages and employment and promotes investment due to firms substituting labor by capital. Unions tend to organize in those plants with highest rates of profits, but promote increases in productivity and prevent profitability increases. The mechanism at work seems to be that firms moved to more capital-intensive technologies, hence increasing the rate of growth of labor productivity and reducing that of profitability. Given the negative effect of unionization at the industry level on the rate of growth of profitability of firms, results also suggest that unions tended to organize and to be stronger in those sectors in which extra rents were higher due to monopoly power. The evidence also suggests that firm-level negotiations take into account the interests of both parties, so that enhanced productivity and probably survival were achieved together with lower rates of substitution between labor and capital and/or lower profits. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788092 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72984 Research Network Working Paper, 466. The economic effects of unions in Latin America : their impact on wages and the economic performance of firms in Uruguay [texto impreso] / Adriana Cassoni ; Gastón J. Labadie ; Gabriela Fachola . - Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, 2002 . - 49 p.
Idioma : Inglés
Temas: AMERICA LATINA
ASPECTOS ECONOMICOS
BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
EMPRESAS
NEGOCIOS
SALARIOS
SINDICATOS
URUGUAYClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: This study examines the impact of unionization and the level of centralization in bargaining, at the level of the industry or the firm, on wages and on the economic performance of firms within the manufacturing sector in Uruguay, using a panel of establishments for the period 1988 to 1995. In doing so, we control for the degree of exposure to international and regional competition as well as for industry and firm characteristics. The main findings suggest that unionization increases wages and employment and promotes investment due to firms substituting labor by capital. Unions tend to organize in those plants with highest rates of profits, but promote increases in productivity and prevent profitability increases. The mechanism at work seems to be that firms moved to more capital-intensive technologies, hence increasing the rate of growth of labor productivity and reducing that of profitability. Given the negative effect of unionization at the industry level on the rate of growth of profitability of firms, results also suggest that unions tended to organize and to be stronger in those sectors in which extra rents were higher due to monopoly power. The evidence also suggests that firm-level negotiations take into account the interests of both parties, so that enhanced productivity and probably survival were achieved together with lower rates of substitution between labor and capital and/or lower profits. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788092 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72984 Reserva
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Inventario Ubicación en el estante Tipo de medio Sección Ubicación Estado 038379 338.9 RES v.466 Libro Colección Biblioteca Central Disponible Research Network Working Paper, 468. Adolescents and young adults in Latin America, critical decisions at a critical age / Josefina Bruni Celli
Título de serie: Research Network Working Paper, 468 Título : Adolescents and young adults in Latin America, critical decisions at a critical age : young adult labor market experience Tipo de documento: texto impreso Autores: Josefina Bruni Celli ; Richard Obuchi Editorial: Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo Fecha de publicación: 2002 Número de páginas: 55 p Idioma : Inglés Temas: ADOLESCENTES
AMERICA LATINA
BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
EMPLEOClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: This study explores and analyzes the labor market experience of young adults in 18 Latin American countries. For men, the period of young adulthood (18-25 years of age) was found to be one of smooth convergence towards patterns associated with full adulthood. Females show more complex and less clear-cut trajectories, which seem to be affected by entrance into motherhood. Educational attainment shapes the labor market experience of young adults, regardless of gender: the more educated postpone entry into the market, and more educated women display higher participation rates as they reach late young adulthood. Also, during young adulthood, the more educated display higher unemployment rates, possibly because they are newer in the market, but their rate of participation in the informal sector of the economy is lower. Female labor market experience was found to be affected by motherhood. In many countries women with lower levels of education leave the labor market during young adulthood, while women with higher levels of education postpone such exits and are also less likely to leave. Finally, young Latin American adults with college education were found to experience rapid labor market absorption, featuring swift entry into the formal sector, high participation rates and low and rapidly decreasing unemployment rates. Earnings equations show that education, experience and gender have significant and positive effects on the earnings of young adults. In general, returns from education increase with age and educational level, with the sharpest marginal change occurring in early young adulthood. Return for education and experience of young adults tend to be close to those obtained by prime age adults, although in the case of experience the returns obtained by young adults tend to be larger. In general, formal education has a consistently larger effect than experience. Although the previous findings hold for young adults in almost all countries included in the study, it is important to note that the individual countries results show large variation in the levels of all coefficients (education, experience and gender) and among age groups. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788094 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=73015 Research Network Working Paper, 468. Adolescents and young adults in Latin America, critical decisions at a critical age : young adult labor market experience [texto impreso] / Josefina Bruni Celli ; Richard Obuchi . - Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, 2002 . - 55 p.
Idioma : Inglés
Temas: ADOLESCENTES
AMERICA LATINA
BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
EMPLEOClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: This study explores and analyzes the labor market experience of young adults in 18 Latin American countries. For men, the period of young adulthood (18-25 years of age) was found to be one of smooth convergence towards patterns associated with full adulthood. Females show more complex and less clear-cut trajectories, which seem to be affected by entrance into motherhood. Educational attainment shapes the labor market experience of young adults, regardless of gender: the more educated postpone entry into the market, and more educated women display higher participation rates as they reach late young adulthood. Also, during young adulthood, the more educated display higher unemployment rates, possibly because they are newer in the market, but their rate of participation in the informal sector of the economy is lower. Female labor market experience was found to be affected by motherhood. In many countries women with lower levels of education leave the labor market during young adulthood, while women with higher levels of education postpone such exits and are also less likely to leave. Finally, young Latin American adults with college education were found to experience rapid labor market absorption, featuring swift entry into the formal sector, high participation rates and low and rapidly decreasing unemployment rates. Earnings equations show that education, experience and gender have significant and positive effects on the earnings of young adults. In general, returns from education increase with age and educational level, with the sharpest marginal change occurring in early young adulthood. Return for education and experience of young adults tend to be close to those obtained by prime age adults, although in the case of experience the returns obtained by young adults tend to be larger. In general, formal education has a consistently larger effect than experience. Although the previous findings hold for young adults in almost all countries included in the study, it is important to note that the individual countries results show large variation in the levels of all coefficients (education, experience and gender) and among age groups. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788094 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=73015 Reserva
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Inventario Ubicación en el estante Tipo de medio Sección Ubicación Estado 038402 338.9 RES v.468 Libro Colección Biblioteca Central Disponible
Título de serie: Research Network Working Paper, 469 Título : Working and studying in rural Latin America : critical decisions of adolescence Tipo de documento: texto impreso Autores: Lorena Alcazar ; Silvio Rendon ; Erik Wachtenheim Editorial: Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo Fecha de publicación: 2002 Número de páginas: 43 p Idioma : Inglés Temas: ADOLESCENTES
AMERICA LATINA
BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
EDUCACION
EMPLEO
TRABAJO
ZONA RURALClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: This paper evaluates the determinants of school attendance and work of rural adolescents between 10 and 18 years old in 1997-1998 for a sample of Latin American countries. Rural adolescents are quite disadvantaged relative to their urban counterparts. The share of rural adolescents studying while concurrently working part-time is significantly higher, household income is significantly lower, “supply-side” issues are an important factor in rural non-attendance, and to the extent that the educational attainment of the parents creates inter-generational persistence we find that rural youth are starting from a disadvantaged position. We present some statistical analysis that highlights these problems and also perform bivariate binary estimation to identify the determinants of these decisions. We find that for most countries critical determinants for making these choices are household income and parental education as well as household composition. Further, we find that there is evidence of a significant “trade-off” between working and studying. Finally, inter-generational factors allow for both a virtuous cycle and a vicious cycle. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788095 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=73024 Research Network Working Paper, 469. Working and studying in rural Latin America : critical decisions of adolescence [texto impreso] / Lorena Alcazar ; Silvio Rendon ; Erik Wachtenheim . - Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, 2002 . - 43 p.
Idioma : Inglés
Temas: ADOLESCENTES
AMERICA LATINA
BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
EDUCACION
EMPLEO
TRABAJO
ZONA RURALClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: This paper evaluates the determinants of school attendance and work of rural adolescents between 10 and 18 years old in 1997-1998 for a sample of Latin American countries. Rural adolescents are quite disadvantaged relative to their urban counterparts. The share of rural adolescents studying while concurrently working part-time is significantly higher, household income is significantly lower, “supply-side” issues are an important factor in rural non-attendance, and to the extent that the educational attainment of the parents creates inter-generational persistence we find that rural youth are starting from a disadvantaged position. We present some statistical analysis that highlights these problems and also perform bivariate binary estimation to identify the determinants of these decisions. We find that for most countries critical determinants for making these choices are household income and parental education as well as household composition. Further, we find that there is evidence of a significant “trade-off” between working and studying. Finally, inter-generational factors allow for both a virtuous cycle and a vicious cycle. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788095 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=73024 Reserva
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