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Refinar búsquedaResearch Network Working Paper, 480. The elasticity of substitution in demand for non-tradable goods in Uruguay / Fernando Lorenzo
Título de serie: Research Network Working Paper, 480 Título : The elasticity of substitution in demand for non-tradable goods in Uruguay : a cross-section analysis Tipo de documento: texto impreso Autores: Fernando Lorenzo ; Diego Aboal ; Rosa Osimani Editorial: Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo Fecha de publicación: 2005 Número de páginas: 53 p Idioma : Inglés Temas: BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
ECONOMIA
PRODUCTOS
URUGUAYClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: This paper's main goal is to estimate the elasticity of substitution of non-tradable goods, paying special attention to empirical problems related to time-varying parameters, missing regressors and model misspecification. To that end, the paper creates a database and estimates, via three alternative methods, quarterly series of consumption and prices of tradable and non-tradable goods for Uruguay for the period 1983-2002. The econometric estimations of the parameter of interest were performed with VEC models. These estimates give a long-run elasticity of substitution of %0.46 in the principal model and %0.71 and %0.75 in the two alternative models. Parametric stability tests are performed on the principal model, and the predictive ability of the model is also tested. It is concluded that, not only is the parameter of interest stable over time, but the model also has good predictive properties, even when tested in a very demanding environment: the period following Uruguay's change of exchange rate regime in mid-2002. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788104 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72930 Research Network Working Paper, 480. The elasticity of substitution in demand for non-tradable goods in Uruguay : a cross-section analysis [texto impreso] / Fernando Lorenzo ; Diego Aboal ; Rosa Osimani . - Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, 2005 . - 53 p.
Idioma : Inglés
Temas: BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
ECONOMIA
PRODUCTOS
URUGUAYClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: This paper's main goal is to estimate the elasticity of substitution of non-tradable goods, paying special attention to empirical problems related to time-varying parameters, missing regressors and model misspecification. To that end, the paper creates a database and estimates, via three alternative methods, quarterly series of consumption and prices of tradable and non-tradable goods for Uruguay for the period 1983-2002. The econometric estimations of the parameter of interest were performed with VEC models. These estimates give a long-run elasticity of substitution of %0.46 in the principal model and %0.71 and %0.75 in the two alternative models. Parametric stability tests are performed on the principal model, and the predictive ability of the model is also tested. It is concluded that, not only is the parameter of interest stable over time, but the model also has good predictive properties, even when tested in a very demanding environment: the period following Uruguay's change of exchange rate regime in mid-2002. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788104 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72930 Reserva
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Inventario Ubicación en el estante Tipo de medio Sección Ubicación Estado 038350 338.9 RES v.480 Libro Colección Biblioteca Central Disponible
Título de serie: Research Network Working Paper, 492 Título : Undernutrition in Bolivia : geography and culture matter Tipo de documento: texto impreso Autores: Rolando Morales ; Ana María Aguilar ; Alvaro Calzadilla Editorial: Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo Fecha de publicación: 2005 Número de páginas: 24 p Idioma : Inglés Temas: ASPECTOS SOCIALES
BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
BOLIVIA
CULTURA
GEOGRAFIA
NIÑOS
SALUDClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: The prevalence of health problems and malnutrition in Bolivia is shockingly high, even relative to other developing countries. This study analyzes the association between a bidimensional measure of child health - composed of height and weight z-scores -and a set of child nutrition determinants related to physical and cultural contexts, the mother's characteristics, household assets and access to public services. The paper seeks to identify the main determinants of child health and to measure the impact of each factor related to the bidimensional indicator. A sequential strategy is adopted in order to estimate a two-equation linear model with correlated error terms. A major finding is that geographical and cultural variables are significant determinants of nutritional status, and that the role of the mother's anthropometrical characteristics is substantial. This study uses data from a Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) on over 3,000 children. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788114 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72931 Research Network Working Paper, 492. Undernutrition in Bolivia : geography and culture matter [texto impreso] / Rolando Morales ; Ana María Aguilar ; Alvaro Calzadilla . - Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, 2005 . - 24 p.
Idioma : Inglés
Temas: ASPECTOS SOCIALES
BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
BOLIVIA
CULTURA
GEOGRAFIA
NIÑOS
SALUDClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: The prevalence of health problems and malnutrition in Bolivia is shockingly high, even relative to other developing countries. This study analyzes the association between a bidimensional measure of child health - composed of height and weight z-scores -and a set of child nutrition determinants related to physical and cultural contexts, the mother's characteristics, household assets and access to public services. The paper seeks to identify the main determinants of child health and to measure the impact of each factor related to the bidimensional indicator. A sequential strategy is adopted in order to estimate a two-equation linear model with correlated error terms. A major finding is that geographical and cultural variables are significant determinants of nutritional status, and that the role of the mother's anthropometrical characteristics is substantial. This study uses data from a Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) on over 3,000 children. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788114 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72931 Reserva
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Inventario Ubicación en el estante Tipo de medio Sección Ubicación Estado 038351 338.9 RES v.492 Libro Colección Biblioteca Central Disponible
Título de serie: Research Network Working Paper, 493 Título : Child heald and infant mortality in Brazil Tipo de documento: texto impreso Autores: Denisard Alves ; Walter Belluzo Editorial: Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo Fecha de publicación: 2005 Número de páginas: 29 p Idioma : Inglés Temas: BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
BRASIL
HIGIENE
MORTALIDAD
SALUD INFANTILClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: Child health is a central issue on the public policy agenda of developing countries. Several policies geared to improving child health have been implemented over the years, with varying degrees of success. In Brazil, such policies have led to a significant decline in infant mortality rates over the last 30 years. Despite this improvement, however, mortality rates are still high by international standards and there is substantial variation across Brazilian municipalities, which suggests that differentiated policies should be devised. The aim of this paper is to investigate the determinants of infant mortality at the municipal level, and to provide a more detailed analysis by considering the factors that affect child health at the individual level. To analyze the mortality rate, static and dynamic panel data models are estimated using four censuses covering the period 1970-2000. The demand for child health is addressed through a household decision model, estimated using anthropometric data from the 1996 Standard of Living Survey. The results indicate that sanitation, education and per capita income contributed to the decline in infant mortality in Brazil, the effects being stronger in the long run than in the short run. The fixed effects associated with municipality characteristics help explain the observed dispersion in child mortality rates. The results of the decision model are in line with the mortality model findings: education, sanitation and poverty are the most important explanatory factors of poor child health in Brazil. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788115 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72933 Research Network Working Paper, 493. Child heald and infant mortality in Brazil [texto impreso] / Denisard Alves ; Walter Belluzo . - Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, 2005 . - 29 p.
Idioma : Inglés
Temas: BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
BRASIL
HIGIENE
MORTALIDAD
SALUD INFANTILClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: Child health is a central issue on the public policy agenda of developing countries. Several policies geared to improving child health have been implemented over the years, with varying degrees of success. In Brazil, such policies have led to a significant decline in infant mortality rates over the last 30 years. Despite this improvement, however, mortality rates are still high by international standards and there is substantial variation across Brazilian municipalities, which suggests that differentiated policies should be devised. The aim of this paper is to investigate the determinants of infant mortality at the municipal level, and to provide a more detailed analysis by considering the factors that affect child health at the individual level. To analyze the mortality rate, static and dynamic panel data models are estimated using four censuses covering the period 1970-2000. The demand for child health is addressed through a household decision model, estimated using anthropometric data from the 1996 Standard of Living Survey. The results indicate that sanitation, education and per capita income contributed to the decline in infant mortality in Brazil, the effects being stronger in the long run than in the short run. The fixed effects associated with municipality characteristics help explain the observed dispersion in child mortality rates. The results of the decision model are in line with the mortality model findings: education, sanitation and poverty are the most important explanatory factors of poor child health in Brazil. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788115 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72933 Reserva
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Inventario Ubicación en el estante Tipo de medio Sección Ubicación Estado 038358 338.9 RES v.493 Libro Colección Biblioteca Central Disponible Research Network Working Paper, 484. The impact of public and private job training in Colombia / Carlos Medina
Título de serie: Research Network Working Paper, 484 Título : The impact of public and private job training in Colombia Tipo de documento: texto impreso Autores: Carlos Medina ; Jairo Núñez Méndez Editorial: Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo Fecha de publicación: 2005 Número de páginas: 58 p Idioma : Inglés Temas: BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
CAPACITACION LABORAL
COLOMBIA
FORMACION PROFESIONALClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: The authors present matching estimators of the impact on earnings for individuals who attended public and private job training programs in Colombia. They estimate propensity scores by controlling for the variety of personal and socioeconomic background variables of those individuals. The effect of training, measured by the mean impact of the treatment on the treated, shows that: (i) for youths, no institution has a significant impact in the short or long run except private institutions for males; the scope of the data, however, limits the reliability of the result; (ii) for adult males, neither SENA nor the other public institutions have a significant impact in the short or long run; (iii) for SENA-trained adult females there are positive but not significant impacts in the short run and greater and close to significant effects in the long run. All other public institutions have a higher impact that is significant in the long-run; (iv) for adults trained at private institutions there are large and significant effects in both the short and long run, but for adult males in the short run the effects are smaller and only barely significant. In addition, neither short nor long courses provided by SENA seem to have a significant impact on earnings. In general, females benefit more from both short and long courses than males. Finally, a cost-benefit analysis shows that under the assumption of direct unitary costs equal to SENA, private institutions are more profitable than public institutions, which are in turn more profitable than SENA. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788108 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72934 Research Network Working Paper, 484. The impact of public and private job training in Colombia [texto impreso] / Carlos Medina ; Jairo Núñez Méndez . - Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, 2005 . - 58 p.
Idioma : Inglés
Temas: BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
CAPACITACION LABORAL
COLOMBIA
FORMACION PROFESIONALClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: The authors present matching estimators of the impact on earnings for individuals who attended public and private job training programs in Colombia. They estimate propensity scores by controlling for the variety of personal and socioeconomic background variables of those individuals. The effect of training, measured by the mean impact of the treatment on the treated, shows that: (i) for youths, no institution has a significant impact in the short or long run except private institutions for males; the scope of the data, however, limits the reliability of the result; (ii) for adult males, neither SENA nor the other public institutions have a significant impact in the short or long run; (iii) for SENA-trained adult females there are positive but not significant impacts in the short run and greater and close to significant effects in the long run. All other public institutions have a higher impact that is significant in the long-run; (iv) for adults trained at private institutions there are large and significant effects in both the short and long run, but for adult males in the short run the effects are smaller and only barely significant. In addition, neither short nor long courses provided by SENA seem to have a significant impact on earnings. In general, females benefit more from both short and long courses than males. Finally, a cost-benefit analysis shows that under the assumption of direct unitary costs equal to SENA, private institutions are more profitable than public institutions, which are in turn more profitable than SENA. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788108 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72934 Reserva
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Inventario Ubicación en el estante Tipo de medio Sección Ubicación Estado 038359 338.9 RES v.484 Libro Colección Biblioteca Central Disponible Research Network Working Paper, 488. The elasticity of substitution in demand for non-tradable goods in Bolivia / Gover Barja Daza
Título de serie: Research Network Working Paper, 488 Título : The elasticity of substitution in demand for non-tradable goods in Bolivia Tipo de documento: texto impreso Autores: Gover Barja Daza ; Javier Monterrey Arce ; Sergio Villarroel Böhrt Editorial: Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo Fecha de publicación: 2005 Número de páginas: 38 p Idioma : Inglés Temas: BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
BIENES
BOLIVIA
DEMANDA
ELASTICIDAD
PRODUCTOSClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: This paper uses a CES function to estimate the constant elasticity of substitution in consumption for non-tradables relative to tradables in a dependent economy framework. The methodology for generating data on real consumption of tradable and non-tradable goods, real prices of tradable and non-tradable goods and real absorption is based on the Bolivian Input-Output Matrix, producing quarterly data for the period 1990.1 to 2002.4. The data identify Bolivia as a country highly open to trade, with an average ratio of 55 percent in the value of exports and imports relative to GDP, non-tradable production accounting for 52 percent of GDP, and differences in the behavior of the internal and external real exchange rates. The HEGY test is used to identify and separate out seasonal unit roots in the data. A cointegration relationship was found between real absorption, the non-tradable to tradable consumption ratio and the non-tradable to tradable price ratio, suggesting inelasticity of substitution. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=477024 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72936 Research Network Working Paper, 488. The elasticity of substitution in demand for non-tradable goods in Bolivia [texto impreso] / Gover Barja Daza ; Javier Monterrey Arce ; Sergio Villarroel Böhrt . - Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, 2005 . - 38 p.
Idioma : Inglés
Temas: BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
BIENES
BOLIVIA
DEMANDA
ELASTICIDAD
PRODUCTOSClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: This paper uses a CES function to estimate the constant elasticity of substitution in consumption for non-tradables relative to tradables in a dependent economy framework. The methodology for generating data on real consumption of tradable and non-tradable goods, real prices of tradable and non-tradable goods and real absorption is based on the Bolivian Input-Output Matrix, producing quarterly data for the period 1990.1 to 2002.4. The data identify Bolivia as a country highly open to trade, with an average ratio of 55 percent in the value of exports and imports relative to GDP, non-tradable production accounting for 52 percent of GDP, and differences in the behavior of the internal and external real exchange rates. The HEGY test is used to identify and separate out seasonal unit roots in the data. A cointegration relationship was found between real absorption, the non-tradable to tradable consumption ratio and the non-tradable to tradable price ratio, suggesting inelasticity of substitution. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=477024 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72936 Reserva
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Inventario Ubicación en el estante Tipo de medio Sección Ubicación Estado 038360 338.9 RES v.488 Libro Colección Biblioteca Central Disponible
Título de serie: Research Network Working Paper, 486 Título : The truth about privatization in Latin America Tipo de documento: texto impreso Autores: Alberto Chong ; Florencio López de Silanes Editorial: Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo Fecha de publicación: 2003 Número de páginas: 80 p Idioma : Inglés Temas: AMERICA LATINA
BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
PRIVATIZACIONClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: Privatization is under attack. Criticisms run from corrupt deals to abuse of market power and social welfare losses. We evaluate the empirical record on privatization relying on recent comprehensive studies from Latin America. There are four main results. First, the increased profitability of privatized firms is not explained by sample selection biases. Second, in the quest to identify the sources of increased profitability after privatization, we find little evidence that validates concerns of generalized market power abuses, exploitation of workers and lack of fiscal benefits. Third, the manner in which privatization is carried out matters. Transparency and homogeneity in procedures, speed, and limited restructuring prior to privatization lead to better outcomes and less room for corruption and discretion. Finally, privatization’s success is enhanced by two complementary policies: re-regulation or deregulation of industries previously shielded from competitive forces; and an effective corporate governance framework that facilitates privatized firms’ access to capital at lower costs. Overall, the empirical record shows that privatization leads to increased profitability and productivity, firm restructuring, fiscal benefits, output growth and even quality improvements. Most cases of privatization failure can be linked to poor contract design, opaque processes with heavy state involvement, lack of re-regulation and a poor corporate governance framework. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788110 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72937 Research Network Working Paper, 486. The truth about privatization in Latin America [texto impreso] / Alberto Chong ; Florencio López de Silanes . - Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, 2003 . - 80 p.
Idioma : Inglés
Temas: AMERICA LATINA
BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
PRIVATIZACIONClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: Privatization is under attack. Criticisms run from corrupt deals to abuse of market power and social welfare losses. We evaluate the empirical record on privatization relying on recent comprehensive studies from Latin America. There are four main results. First, the increased profitability of privatized firms is not explained by sample selection biases. Second, in the quest to identify the sources of increased profitability after privatization, we find little evidence that validates concerns of generalized market power abuses, exploitation of workers and lack of fiscal benefits. Third, the manner in which privatization is carried out matters. Transparency and homogeneity in procedures, speed, and limited restructuring prior to privatization lead to better outcomes and less room for corruption and discretion. Finally, privatization’s success is enhanced by two complementary policies: re-regulation or deregulation of industries previously shielded from competitive forces; and an effective corporate governance framework that facilitates privatized firms’ access to capital at lower costs. Overall, the empirical record shows that privatization leads to increased profitability and productivity, firm restructuring, fiscal benefits, output growth and even quality improvements. Most cases of privatization failure can be linked to poor contract design, opaque processes with heavy state involvement, lack of re-regulation and a poor corporate governance framework. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788110 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72937 Reserva
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Inventario Ubicación en el estante Tipo de medio Sección Ubicación Estado 038361 338.9 RES v.486 Libro Colección Biblioteca Central Disponible
Título de serie: Research Network Working Paper, 461 Título : Privatization in Bolivia : the impact on firm performance Tipo de documento: texto impreso Autores: Mauricio Garrón B. ; Carlos Gustavo Machicado ; Katherina Capra Editorial: Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo Fecha de publicación: 2003 Número de páginas: 60 p Idioma : Inglés Temas: BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
BOLIVIA
INDUSTRIA MANUFACTURERA
PRIVATIZACIONClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: This report studies the change in performance of Bolivian State Owned Enterprises (SOEs) that have been transferred to the private sector. The paper focuses particularly on how ownership affects management by measuring the characteristics of management and relating them to both ownership structure and performance. It argues that the characteristics of private management that follow privatization are a key factor in determining the effects of privatization on performance. To determine the impact of privatization on the performance of the 31 firms studied, the authors performed two ratio analyses, one with unadjusted and the other with adjusted ratios. For this purpose, they undertook two regression analyses, one with panel data and the other with a cross section analysis. Two methods were used to conduct privatization of Bolivian SOEs, and the process took place in three stages. The methods were traditional, or standard, privatization and capitalization. Traditional privatization consisted of the complete transfer (assets and shares) to the private sector of companies operating in competitive markets. Capitalization involved attracting private firms to invest in and manage key SOEs. SOEs were not sold outright. Instead, private investors gained managerial control but no more than 50 percent of equity. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788087 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72938 Research Network Working Paper, 461. Privatization in Bolivia : the impact on firm performance [texto impreso] / Mauricio Garrón B. ; Carlos Gustavo Machicado ; Katherina Capra . - Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, 2003 . - 60 p.
Idioma : Inglés
Temas: BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
BOLIVIA
INDUSTRIA MANUFACTURERA
PRIVATIZACIONClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: This report studies the change in performance of Bolivian State Owned Enterprises (SOEs) that have been transferred to the private sector. The paper focuses particularly on how ownership affects management by measuring the characteristics of management and relating them to both ownership structure and performance. It argues that the characteristics of private management that follow privatization are a key factor in determining the effects of privatization on performance. To determine the impact of privatization on the performance of the 31 firms studied, the authors performed two ratio analyses, one with unadjusted and the other with adjusted ratios. For this purpose, they undertook two regression analyses, one with panel data and the other with a cross section analysis. Two methods were used to conduct privatization of Bolivian SOEs, and the process took place in three stages. The methods were traditional, or standard, privatization and capitalization. Traditional privatization consisted of the complete transfer (assets and shares) to the private sector of companies operating in competitive markets. Capitalization involved attracting private firms to invest in and manage key SOEs. SOEs were not sold outright. Instead, private investors gained managerial control but no more than 50 percent of equity. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788087 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72938 Reserva
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Inventario Ubicación en el estante Tipo de medio Sección Ubicación Estado 038362 338.9 RES v.461 Libro Colección Biblioteca Central Disponible
Título de serie: Research Network Working Paper, 458 Título : Privatization in Colombia : a plant performance analysis Tipo de documento: texto impreso Autores: Carlos Pombo ; Manuel Ramírez Editorial: Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo Fecha de publicación: 2003 Número de páginas: 67 p Idioma : Inglés Temas: BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
COLOMBIA
INDUSTRIA ELECTRICA
INDUSTRIA MANUFACTURERA
PRIVATIZACIONClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: This paper describes the privatization program carried out in the productive sector of the Colombian economy during the 1990s. It evaluates privatization within the policy context of general market deregulation and the promotion of private investment in the provision of public infrastructure and domiciliary public services. Two case studies are explored: the manufacturing and power sectors. The paper follows the ex-post measuring and econometric analysis of a set of operative and restructuring performance indicators for the privatized firms. For manufacturing, the study sample consists of 30 large manufacturing firms of which the Instituto de Fomento Industrial was the founding or supporting partner. The main findings suggest that those firms followed pro-cyclical behavior relative to their private competitors and undertook tight plant operative restructuring. For the power sector, the paper studies the impact of regulatory reform on market entry, ownership structure, market competition, and productive efficiency of the privatized holdings. The results suggest that privatization and entry competition in power generation have had a positive effect on the privatized utilities’ efficiency and investment. With respect to thermal generation, the measurement of productive efficiency follows a data envelope analysis technique based on a sample of 33 plants that account for 85% of the installed capacity. The sample units are plants that were active before the reform and new entrants that started business operations after the reform. The main outcome shows that efficiency scores have improved after the reform and that regulatory policy has had a positive effect on productive efficiency. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788084 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72945 Research Network Working Paper, 458. Privatization in Colombia : a plant performance analysis [texto impreso] / Carlos Pombo ; Manuel Ramírez . - Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, 2003 . - 67 p.
Idioma : Inglés
Temas: BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
COLOMBIA
INDUSTRIA ELECTRICA
INDUSTRIA MANUFACTURERA
PRIVATIZACIONClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: This paper describes the privatization program carried out in the productive sector of the Colombian economy during the 1990s. It evaluates privatization within the policy context of general market deregulation and the promotion of private investment in the provision of public infrastructure and domiciliary public services. Two case studies are explored: the manufacturing and power sectors. The paper follows the ex-post measuring and econometric analysis of a set of operative and restructuring performance indicators for the privatized firms. For manufacturing, the study sample consists of 30 large manufacturing firms of which the Instituto de Fomento Industrial was the founding or supporting partner. The main findings suggest that those firms followed pro-cyclical behavior relative to their private competitors and undertook tight plant operative restructuring. For the power sector, the paper studies the impact of regulatory reform on market entry, ownership structure, market competition, and productive efficiency of the privatized holdings. The results suggest that privatization and entry competition in power generation have had a positive effect on the privatized utilities’ efficiency and investment. With respect to thermal generation, the measurement of productive efficiency follows a data envelope analysis technique based on a sample of 33 plants that account for 85% of the installed capacity. The sample units are plants that were active before the reform and new entrants that started business operations after the reform. The main outcome shows that efficiency scores have improved after the reform and that regulatory policy has had a positive effect on productive efficiency. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788084 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72945 Reserva
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Inventario Ubicación en el estante Tipo de medio Sección Ubicación Estado 038363 338.9 RES v.458 Libro Colección Biblioteca Central Disponible
Título de serie: Research Network Working Paper, 481 Título : Peruvian privatization : impacts on firm performance Tipo de documento: texto impreso Autores: Máximo Torero Editorial: Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo Fecha de publicación: 2003 Número de páginas: 74 p Idioma : Inglés Temas: BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
EMPLEO
EVALUACION
PERU
PRIVATIZACIONClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: In the nearly ten years since Peru privatized major State Owned Enterprises (SOEs), the overall impact of the process is not yet clear. This paper analyzes the impact of privatization through a detailed statistical and econometric analysis of first difference (the difference between pre- and post-privatization performance), and second difference (change in performance of privatized firms relative to the change in performance of SOEs) of several indicators on profitability, operating efficiency, employment, leverage and convergence. The results, which showed that privately owned firms are more efficient and more profitable than otherwise comparable state owned firms, were consistent with previous literature. In the case of the most competitive sector, the financial system, the newly privatized banks converged towards the leading private banks over time. While the impact of privatization on employment is negative in the short-run, there are more positive impacts in the long term, especially since SOEs traditionally hire employees for political rather than technical reasons. This paper demonstrates that, as the result of privatization, there is a significant increase in indirect employment through services and significant growth of total employment—both direct and indirect. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788105 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72963 Research Network Working Paper, 481. Peruvian privatization : impacts on firm performance [texto impreso] / Máximo Torero . - Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, 2003 . - 74 p.
Idioma : Inglés
Temas: BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
EMPLEO
EVALUACION
PERU
PRIVATIZACIONClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: In the nearly ten years since Peru privatized major State Owned Enterprises (SOEs), the overall impact of the process is not yet clear. This paper analyzes the impact of privatization through a detailed statistical and econometric analysis of first difference (the difference between pre- and post-privatization performance), and second difference (change in performance of privatized firms relative to the change in performance of SOEs) of several indicators on profitability, operating efficiency, employment, leverage and convergence. The results, which showed that privately owned firms are more efficient and more profitable than otherwise comparable state owned firms, were consistent with previous literature. In the case of the most competitive sector, the financial system, the newly privatized banks converged towards the leading private banks over time. While the impact of privatization on employment is negative in the short-run, there are more positive impacts in the long term, especially since SOEs traditionally hire employees for political rather than technical reasons. This paper demonstrates that, as the result of privatization, there is a significant increase in indirect employment through services and significant growth of total employment—both direct and indirect. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788105 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72963 Reserva
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Inventario Ubicación en el estante Tipo de medio Sección Ubicación Estado 038364 338.9 RES v.481 Libro Colección Biblioteca Central Disponible Research Network Working Paper, 487. An empirical examination of Union Density in six countires / Susan Johnson
Título de serie: Research Network Working Paper, 487 Título : An empirical examination of Union Density in six countires : Canada, Ecuador, Mexico, Nicaragua, The United States, and Venezuela Tipo de documento: texto impreso Autores: Susan Johnson Editorial: Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo Fecha de publicación: 2004 Número de páginas: 30 p Idioma : Inglés Temas: AMERICA LATINA
BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
CANADA
ECUADOR
ESTADOS UNIDOS
MEXICO
NICARAGUA
SINDICATOS
VENEZUELAClasificación: 338.9 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72964 Research Network Working Paper, 487. An empirical examination of Union Density in six countires : Canada, Ecuador, Mexico, Nicaragua, The United States, and Venezuela [texto impreso] / Susan Johnson . - Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, 2004 . - 30 p.
Idioma : Inglés
Temas: AMERICA LATINA
BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
CANADA
ECUADOR
ESTADOS UNIDOS
MEXICO
NICARAGUA
SINDICATOS
VENEZUELAClasificación: 338.9 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72964 Reserva
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Inventario Ubicación en el estante Tipo de medio Sección Ubicación Estado 038365 338.9 RES v.487 Libro Colección Biblioteca Central Disponible Research Network Working Paper, 456. The effects of privatization on firms and on social welfare / Ronald Fischer
Título de serie: Research Network Working Paper, 456 Título : The effects of privatization on firms and on social welfare : the Chilean case Tipo de documento: texto impreso Autores: Ronald Fischer ; Rodrigo Gutiérrez ; Pablo Serra Editorial: Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo Fecha de publicación: 2003 Número de páginas: 106 p Idioma : Inglés Temas: ASPECTOS ECONOMICOS
ASPECTOS SOCIALES
BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
CHILE
PRIVATIZACION
SINDICATOSClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: Chile led the Latin American pack in launching its far-reaching privatization program, but the question of whether the process has made firms more profitable remains. Also unclear is whether society as a whole is better off because of privatization. This paper looks at the performance of several industries to gauge the effects of privatization on Chilean firms and social welfare. The authors’ research, which is both broad and deep, yields some surprising findings. For example, contrary to commonly-held perceptions of bloated state-run bureaucracies, the authors find that the employment ranks of regulated entities actually swelled after their ownership switched to private hands. The paper evaluates a wide range of aspects of the privatization process, from highway tolls to private pension fund returns to school vouchers, and concludes with some concrete recommendations for future improvements. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788083 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72965 Research Network Working Paper, 456. The effects of privatization on firms and on social welfare : the Chilean case [texto impreso] / Ronald Fischer ; Rodrigo Gutiérrez ; Pablo Serra . - Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, 2003 . - 106 p.
Idioma : Inglés
Temas: ASPECTOS ECONOMICOS
ASPECTOS SOCIALES
BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
CHILE
PRIVATIZACION
SINDICATOSClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: Chile led the Latin American pack in launching its far-reaching privatization program, but the question of whether the process has made firms more profitable remains. Also unclear is whether society as a whole is better off because of privatization. This paper looks at the performance of several industries to gauge the effects of privatization on Chilean firms and social welfare. The authors’ research, which is both broad and deep, yields some surprising findings. For example, contrary to commonly-held perceptions of bloated state-run bureaucracies, the authors find that the employment ranks of regulated entities actually swelled after their ownership switched to private hands. The paper evaluates a wide range of aspects of the privatization process, from highway tolls to private pension fund returns to school vouchers, and concludes with some concrete recommendations for future improvements. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788083 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72965 Reserva
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Inventario Ubicación en el estante Tipo de medio Sección Ubicación Estado 038366 338.9 RES v.456 Libro Colección Biblioteca Central Disponible
Título de serie: Research Network Working Paper, 455 Título : Costs and benefits of privatization : evidence from Brazil Tipo de documento: texto impreso Autores: Francisco Anuatti-Neto ; Milton Barossi Filho ; A. Gledson De Carvalho ; Roberto Macedo Editorial: Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo Fecha de publicación: 2003 Número de páginas: 56 p Idioma : Inglés Temas: ASPECTOS ECONOMICOS
ASPECTOS SOCIALES
BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
BRASIL
PRIVATIZACIONClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: Although the Brazilian privatization program has been a sweeping endeavor involving more than 100 firms and billions of dollars, most of the studies have been published only in Brazil, and in Portuguese. This paper is the most comprehensive study to date in terms of the companies covered, and includes the most recent data. It looks at the results of privatization in Brazil for a broad range of economic variables to answer the question: Has the widespread popular discontent with the program been justified? The paper also examines the effects of privatization on aspects that affect the development of financial markets, including minority shareholder rights. It concludes with recommendations for democratizing capital ownership through public offers in which workers would be entitled to participate using public sector liabilities such as FGTS deposits. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788082 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72966 Research Network Working Paper, 455. Costs and benefits of privatization : evidence from Brazil [texto impreso] / Francisco Anuatti-Neto ; Milton Barossi Filho ; A. Gledson De Carvalho ; Roberto Macedo . - Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, 2003 . - 56 p.
Idioma : Inglés
Temas: ASPECTOS ECONOMICOS
ASPECTOS SOCIALES
BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
BRASIL
PRIVATIZACIONClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: Although the Brazilian privatization program has been a sweeping endeavor involving more than 100 firms and billions of dollars, most of the studies have been published only in Brazil, and in Portuguese. This paper is the most comprehensive study to date in terms of the companies covered, and includes the most recent data. It looks at the results of privatization in Brazil for a broad range of economic variables to answer the question: Has the widespread popular discontent with the program been justified? The paper also examines the effects of privatization on aspects that affect the development of financial markets, including minority shareholder rights. It concludes with recommendations for democratizing capital ownership through public offers in which workers would be entitled to participate using public sector liabilities such as FGTS deposits. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788082 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72966 Reserva
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Inventario Ubicación en el estante Tipo de medio Sección Ubicación Estado 038367 338.9 RES v.455 Libro Colección Biblioteca Central Disponible Research Network Working Paper, 474. Teacher unionization and the quality of education in Peru / Eduardo Zegarra
Título de serie: Research Network Working Paper, 474 Título : Teacher unionization and the quality of education in Peru : an empirical evaluation using survey data Tipo de documento: texto impreso Autores: Eduardo Zegarra ; Renato Ravina Editorial: Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo Fecha de publicación: 2003 Número de páginas: 35 p Idioma : Inglés Temas: BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
CALIDAD DE LA EDUCACION
DOCENTES
EDUCACION
EVALUACION
PERU
SINDICATOSClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: This paper analyzes the evolution and current profile of teacher unionization and estimate the impact of unionization on the quality of public education in Peru. The research uses data from a 1999 household survey (ENAHO) and from a recent evaluation of a public program oriented to improve the quality of Peruvian public education. Regarding the evolution of unionization, there is evidence compatible with the hypothesis that the rate of teacher unionization has dropped during the last three decades, but especially during the 1990s, due basically to the hiring of temporary teachers. With respect to the profile of unionization, it is found that unionized teachers are older and more experienced, and that males are more common in the union membership. There is no empirical evidence that unionized teachers enjoy better access to educational infrastructure at the polidocente (larger) schools, but they do have better access at the multigrado (intermediate) schools. For the impact of unionization on quality, Hoxby’s production function model was adapted to the Peruvian case, in which public education is centralized and in which teachers do not have major influence on the education budget at the school or district levels. The model is estimated to test whether unionization has an impact on teachers’ effort and student achievement, but there is no empirical support for these hypotheses. The data indicate that unionization does not currently seem to be a major factor affecting the quality of educational services in the Peruvian public education system. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788100 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72967 Research Network Working Paper, 474. Teacher unionization and the quality of education in Peru : an empirical evaluation using survey data [texto impreso] / Eduardo Zegarra ; Renato Ravina . - Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, 2003 . - 35 p.
Idioma : Inglés
Temas: BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
CALIDAD DE LA EDUCACION
DOCENTES
EDUCACION
EVALUACION
PERU
SINDICATOSClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: This paper analyzes the evolution and current profile of teacher unionization and estimate the impact of unionization on the quality of public education in Peru. The research uses data from a 1999 household survey (ENAHO) and from a recent evaluation of a public program oriented to improve the quality of Peruvian public education. Regarding the evolution of unionization, there is evidence compatible with the hypothesis that the rate of teacher unionization has dropped during the last three decades, but especially during the 1990s, due basically to the hiring of temporary teachers. With respect to the profile of unionization, it is found that unionized teachers are older and more experienced, and that males are more common in the union membership. There is no empirical evidence that unionized teachers enjoy better access to educational infrastructure at the polidocente (larger) schools, but they do have better access at the multigrado (intermediate) schools. For the impact of unionization on quality, Hoxby’s production function model was adapted to the Peruvian case, in which public education is centralized and in which teachers do not have major influence on the education budget at the school or district levels. The model is estimated to test whether unionization has an impact on teachers’ effort and student achievement, but there is no empirical support for these hypotheses. The data indicate that unionization does not currently seem to be a major factor affecting the quality of educational services in the Peruvian public education system. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788100 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72967 Reserva
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Inventario Ubicación en el estante Tipo de medio Sección Ubicación Estado 038368 338.9 RES v.474 Libro Colección Biblioteca Central Disponible Research Network Working Paper, 475. Bailouts in Costa Rica as a result of government centralization and discretionary transfers / Luis J. Hall
Título de serie: Research Network Working Paper, 475 Título : Bailouts in Costa Rica as a result of government centralization and discretionary transfers Tipo de documento: texto impreso Autores: Luis J. Hall ; Gilberto E. Arce ; Alexander Monge N. Editorial: Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo Fecha de publicación: 2002 Número de páginas: 50 p Idioma : Inglés Temas: ASPECTOS FISCALES
BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
COSTA RICA
DEUDA PUBLICA
GOBIERNO
GOBIERNO LOCALClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: This paper investigates the inter-relation between the central government and the municipalities in Costa Rica. It examines episodes in which the central government has bailed out the local governments from their obligations. We employ empirical and descriptive methods to show how discretionary grants relate to the degree of fiscal discipline of the municipality to produce hidden bailouts. Political, demographic, and economic variables explain the allocation of these discretionary transfers. We illustrate the effects of the high concentration of decision-making of the central government on the fiscal performance of the municipalities. The municipalities play a limited role and its functioning largely depends upon the central government. We argue that the national administration would face a high political cost if it did not bail out the local government in several of the episodes studied. Using panel data from 1982-1997 on 81 cantones, we find that the fiscal effort of the local government is reduced by the presence of discretionary grants. The local governments finance local expenses with these discretionary transfers according to our empirical results. As expected from the centralization issue, political variables such as the affiliation of the local administration have significant effects on the resources received by the municipalities. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788101 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72968 Research Network Working Paper, 475. Bailouts in Costa Rica as a result of government centralization and discretionary transfers [texto impreso] / Luis J. Hall ; Gilberto E. Arce ; Alexander Monge N. . - Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, 2002 . - 50 p.
Idioma : Inglés
Temas: ASPECTOS FISCALES
BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
COSTA RICA
DEUDA PUBLICA
GOBIERNO
GOBIERNO LOCALClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: This paper investigates the inter-relation between the central government and the municipalities in Costa Rica. It examines episodes in which the central government has bailed out the local governments from their obligations. We employ empirical and descriptive methods to show how discretionary grants relate to the degree of fiscal discipline of the municipality to produce hidden bailouts. Political, demographic, and economic variables explain the allocation of these discretionary transfers. We illustrate the effects of the high concentration of decision-making of the central government on the fiscal performance of the municipalities. The municipalities play a limited role and its functioning largely depends upon the central government. We argue that the national administration would face a high political cost if it did not bail out the local government in several of the episodes studied. Using panel data from 1982-1997 on 81 cantones, we find that the fiscal effort of the local government is reduced by the presence of discretionary grants. The local governments finance local expenses with these discretionary transfers according to our empirical results. As expected from the centralization issue, political variables such as the affiliation of the local administration have significant effects on the resources received by the municipalities. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788101 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72968 Reserva
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Inventario Ubicación en el estante Tipo de medio Sección Ubicación Estado 038369 338.9 RES v.475 Libro Colección Biblioteca Central Disponible
Título de serie: Research Network Working Paper, 473 Título : The effects of unions on productivity : evidence from large coffee producers in Guatemala Tipo de documento: texto impreso Autores: Carmen Urizar H. ; Sigfrido Lee Editorial: Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo Fecha de publicación: 2003 Número de páginas: 54 p Idioma : Inglés Temas: BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
CAFE
GUATEMALA
MANO DE OBRA
PRODUCCION AGRICOLA
PRODUCTIVIDAD
SINDICATOS
TRABAJADORES AGRICOLASClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: The general perception of unions in the Guatemalan business community has been that they have a negative effect on firms. Although this is a strong statement, there are very few studies of unionization in Guatemala, and most of them are only descriptive. This paper provides an econometric analysis of the impact of unions on productivity in Guatemala, specifically on the production of coffee. Although union density is low, we conclude from the empirical analysis that there is evidence that unions when present have a negative effect on the productivity of large coffee plantations. We use different estimations of a production function and the effect of unions on productivity. The first uses a union dummy and other independent variables, such as a capital proxy, the proportion of administrative and permanent workers, land per worker, total workers, farm elevation above sea level and a union dummy. The second uses these same equations, but with interaction terms between the original variables and the union dummy. The results show that these other variables, when significant, had a positive effect on productivity. The only is total workers, which could be indicating that diseconomies of scale are present. As for the interaction terms, when a union is present, the productivity of variables such as land per worker and height is reduced significantly. Also, it seems that capital has a larger effect on unionized farms productivity than on non-unionized farms. The presence of permanent workers on farms, both in unionized and non-unionized settings, has a negative effect on productivity. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788099 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72969 Research Network Working Paper, 473. The effects of unions on productivity : evidence from large coffee producers in Guatemala [texto impreso] / Carmen Urizar H. ; Sigfrido Lee . - Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, 2003 . - 54 p.
Idioma : Inglés
Temas: BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
CAFE
GUATEMALA
MANO DE OBRA
PRODUCCION AGRICOLA
PRODUCTIVIDAD
SINDICATOS
TRABAJADORES AGRICOLASClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: The general perception of unions in the Guatemalan business community has been that they have a negative effect on firms. Although this is a strong statement, there are very few studies of unionization in Guatemala, and most of them are only descriptive. This paper provides an econometric analysis of the impact of unions on productivity in Guatemala, specifically on the production of coffee. Although union density is low, we conclude from the empirical analysis that there is evidence that unions when present have a negative effect on the productivity of large coffee plantations. We use different estimations of a production function and the effect of unions on productivity. The first uses a union dummy and other independent variables, such as a capital proxy, the proportion of administrative and permanent workers, land per worker, total workers, farm elevation above sea level and a union dummy. The second uses these same equations, but with interaction terms between the original variables and the union dummy. The results show that these other variables, when significant, had a positive effect on productivity. The only is total workers, which could be indicating that diseconomies of scale are present. As for the interaction terms, when a union is present, the productivity of variables such as land per worker and height is reduced significantly. Also, it seems that capital has a larger effect on unionized farms productivity than on non-unionized farms. The presence of permanent workers on farms, both in unionized and non-unionized settings, has a negative effect on productivity. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788099 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72969 Reserva
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Inventario Ubicación en el estante Tipo de medio Sección Ubicación Estado 038370 338.9 RES v.473 Libro Colección Biblioteca Central Disponible Research Network Working Paper, 439. Geographical exclusion in rural areas of El Salvador / Ana Regina Vides de Andrade
Título de serie: Research Network Working Paper, 439 Título : Geographical exclusion in rural areas of El Salvador : its impact on labor market outcomes Tipo de documento: texto impreso Autores: Ana Regina Vides de Andrade ; Anabella Larde de Palomo ; Lissette Calderón Martínez Editorial: Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo Fecha de publicación: 2002 Número de páginas: 46 p Idioma : Inglés Temas: ASPECTOS SOCIALES
BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
EL SALVADOR
MERCADO DE TRABAJO
ZONA RURALClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: The main objective of this study is to examine one aspect of social exclusion, the geographic isolation of individuals living in El Salvador's rural areas and its impact on three labor market outcomes: labor force participation decision, sector of employment, and labor income. In this study, it is hypothesized that living in geographic isolation has a negative impact on rural workers' labor outcomes, that geographic isolation, through a combination of security hazards, increasing transaction and working costs, depresses individual's labor force participation rates, increases the likelihood of working in low-productive jobs, and results in lower labor income levels. The main results of this study indicate that the degree of geographic isolation does not discourage men from working; on the contrary, men living farther away from urban and maquila jobs are more likely to work. The degree of geographic isolation determines individuals' sector allocation and their labor income as well. Women living farther away from urban areas or with less access to paved roads are highly concentrated in own-production agricultural activities, where women's skills are rewarded less than comparable men's skills. Own production in agriculture is a sector where women's human capital accumulation does not influence their income labor level, though it does reward men's skills. Through concentration into this sector, women living in geographic isolation obtain worse labor outcomes than men. Living in geographic isolation decreases women's labor income. When working in own-account non-agricultural production, geographic isolation also has a negative impact on men's labor income. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788066 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72970 Research Network Working Paper, 439. Geographical exclusion in rural areas of El Salvador : its impact on labor market outcomes [texto impreso] / Ana Regina Vides de Andrade ; Anabella Larde de Palomo ; Lissette Calderón Martínez . - Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, 2002 . - 46 p.
Idioma : Inglés
Temas: ASPECTOS SOCIALES
BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
EL SALVADOR
MERCADO DE TRABAJO
ZONA RURALClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: The main objective of this study is to examine one aspect of social exclusion, the geographic isolation of individuals living in El Salvador's rural areas and its impact on three labor market outcomes: labor force participation decision, sector of employment, and labor income. In this study, it is hypothesized that living in geographic isolation has a negative impact on rural workers' labor outcomes, that geographic isolation, through a combination of security hazards, increasing transaction and working costs, depresses individual's labor force participation rates, increases the likelihood of working in low-productive jobs, and results in lower labor income levels. The main results of this study indicate that the degree of geographic isolation does not discourage men from working; on the contrary, men living farther away from urban and maquila jobs are more likely to work. The degree of geographic isolation determines individuals' sector allocation and their labor income as well. Women living farther away from urban areas or with less access to paved roads are highly concentrated in own-production agricultural activities, where women's skills are rewarded less than comparable men's skills. Own production in agriculture is a sector where women's human capital accumulation does not influence their income labor level, though it does reward men's skills. Through concentration into this sector, women living in geographic isolation obtain worse labor outcomes than men. Living in geographic isolation decreases women's labor income. When working in own-account non-agricultural production, geographic isolation also has a negative impact on men's labor income. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788066 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72970 Reserva
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Inventario Ubicación en el estante Tipo de medio Sección Ubicación Estado 038371 338.9 RES v.439 Libro Colección Biblioteca Central Disponible
Título de serie: Research Network Working Paper, 438 Título : Schooling inequality among the indigenous : a problem of resources or language barriers? Tipo de documento: texto impreso Autores: Susan W. Parker ; Luis Rubalcava ; Graciela Teruel Editorial: Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo Fecha de publicación: 2002 Número de páginas: 40 p Idioma : Inglés Temas: BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
BILINGÜISMO
COMPENSACION
DESIGUALDAD SOCIAL
EDUCACION
ESCUELAS
MEXICO
POBLACIONES INDIGENASClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: Using large household data sets from rural Mexican communities, where a majority of indigenous people live, we analyze the potential explanatory factors for low educational attainment of indigenous children. We find that, overall, indigenous children fare worse than their non-indigenous classmates. Nevertheless, there is important heterogeneity within the indigenous group. In particular, monolingual indigenous children (those who speak only an indigenous language) perform much worse in school than bilingual indigenous children who speak Spanish as a second language. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788065 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72971 Research Network Working Paper, 438. Schooling inequality among the indigenous : a problem of resources or language barriers? [texto impreso] / Susan W. Parker ; Luis Rubalcava ; Graciela Teruel . - Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, 2002 . - 40 p.
Idioma : Inglés
Temas: BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
BILINGÜISMO
COMPENSACION
DESIGUALDAD SOCIAL
EDUCACION
ESCUELAS
MEXICO
POBLACIONES INDIGENASClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: Using large household data sets from rural Mexican communities, where a majority of indigenous people live, we analyze the potential explanatory factors for low educational attainment of indigenous children. We find that, overall, indigenous children fare worse than their non-indigenous classmates. Nevertheless, there is important heterogeneity within the indigenous group. In particular, monolingual indigenous children (those who speak only an indigenous language) perform much worse in school than bilingual indigenous children who speak Spanish as a second language. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788065 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72971 Reserva
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Inventario Ubicación en el estante Tipo de medio Sección Ubicación Estado 038372 338.9 RES v.438 Libro Colección Biblioteca Central Disponible Research Network Working Paper, 436. Social exclusion and the two-tiered healthcare system of Brazil / Denisard Alves
Título de serie: Research Network Working Paper, 436 Título : Social exclusion and the two-tiered healthcare system of Brazil Tipo de documento: texto impreso Autores: Denisard Alves ; Christopher Timmins Editorial: Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo Fecha de publicación: 2001 Número de páginas: 36 p Idioma : Inglés Temas: ATENCION MEDICA
BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
BRASIL
EXCLUSION SOCIAL
SERVICIOS DE SALUDClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: In Brazil, there exists a two-tiered system of healthcare access. Those with sufficient means have access to a private system of healthcare that provides quality treatment on demand, while the remainder of the country relies on an overburdened system of public clinics and hospitals. Household survey data are used to determine which socio-demographic groups rely most on this public healthcare system. Current demographic trends suggest that the public healthcare infrastructure will become more and more heavily used in the coming decades. A stylized model of healthcare choice is estimated, and its parameters are used to conduct counterfactual simulations of the welfare implications of this increased congestion, and of policies to offset it, like private healthcare subsidies. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788063 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72973 Research Network Working Paper, 436. Social exclusion and the two-tiered healthcare system of Brazil [texto impreso] / Denisard Alves ; Christopher Timmins . - Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, 2001 . - 36 p.
Idioma : Inglés
Temas: ATENCION MEDICA
BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
BRASIL
EXCLUSION SOCIAL
SERVICIOS DE SALUDClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: In Brazil, there exists a two-tiered system of healthcare access. Those with sufficient means have access to a private system of healthcare that provides quality treatment on demand, while the remainder of the country relies on an overburdened system of public clinics and hospitals. Household survey data are used to determine which socio-demographic groups rely most on this public healthcare system. Current demographic trends suggest that the public healthcare infrastructure will become more and more heavily used in the coming decades. A stylized model of healthcare choice is estimated, and its parameters are used to conduct counterfactual simulations of the welfare implications of this increased congestion, and of policies to offset it, like private healthcare subsidies. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788063 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72973 Reserva
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Inventario Ubicación en el estante Tipo de medio Sección Ubicación Estado 038373 338.9 RES v.436 Libro Colección Biblioteca Central Disponible Research Network Working Paper, 416. Un análisis dinámico en la toma de decisión de hogares / Marisa Bucheli
Título de serie: Research Network Working Paper, 416 Título : Un análisis dinámico en la toma de decisión de hogares : el caso de Uruguay Tipo de documento: texto impreso Autores: Marisa Bucheli ; Andrea Vigorito ; Daniel Miles Editorial: Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo Fecha de publicación: 2000 Número de páginas: 58 p Idioma : Español Temas: ASPECTOS ECONOMICOS
BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
CUADROS ESTADISTICOS
FAMILIA
MERCADO DE TRABAJO
TOMA DE DECISIONES
URUGUAYClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: Uruguay ha asistido a una disminución de las tasas de fecundidad y a un aumento de la actividad femenina y de los niveles educativos de la población, al igual que la gran mayoría de los países en el correr del siglo. Este estudio aborda estos cambios desde la perspectiva de las decisiones de los hogares recurriendo a la construcción de pseudopaneles a partir de microdatos provenientes de las Encuestas Continuas de Hogares del período 1986-1997. El análisis indica que los cambios relacionados con la asignación del tiempo de las mujeres responden básicamente a variaciones de comportamiento entre las generaciones. En particular, en el contexto de retornos positivos a la educación y crecientes para las generaciones nuevas, la inversión en capital educativo se incentiva prolongando el período dedicado a estudiar. A su vez, estas decisiones se interrelacionan con el rezago en la edad del casamiento, así como la reducción del número de hijos y el aumento de la tasa de actividad de las mujeres casadas. Por último, estas evoluciones se acompañan del aumento del divorcio y la formación de hogares monoparentales. Con respecto a la inversión en capital humano de las generaciones recientes, el estudio encuentra que en los últimos años, las tasas de deserción en la enseñanza media dependen principalmente de la edad y del contexto del hogar. Así, no se detecta cambios de comportamiento recientes significativos relacionados a la cohorte con respecto a la conducta de los adolescentes. Sin embargo, un cambio generacional del comportamiento de los egresados de la enseñanza media da cuenta de una expansión de la asistencia a la enseñanza terciaria en el marco del un crecimiento de la rentabilidad de esta educación, en particular para los más jóvenes. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788045 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72975 Research Network Working Paper, 416. Un análisis dinámico en la toma de decisión de hogares : el caso de Uruguay [texto impreso] / Marisa Bucheli ; Andrea Vigorito ; Daniel Miles . - Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, 2000 . - 58 p.
Idioma : Español
Temas: ASPECTOS ECONOMICOS
BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
CUADROS ESTADISTICOS
FAMILIA
MERCADO DE TRABAJO
TOMA DE DECISIONES
URUGUAYClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: Uruguay ha asistido a una disminución de las tasas de fecundidad y a un aumento de la actividad femenina y de los niveles educativos de la población, al igual que la gran mayoría de los países en el correr del siglo. Este estudio aborda estos cambios desde la perspectiva de las decisiones de los hogares recurriendo a la construcción de pseudopaneles a partir de microdatos provenientes de las Encuestas Continuas de Hogares del período 1986-1997. El análisis indica que los cambios relacionados con la asignación del tiempo de las mujeres responden básicamente a variaciones de comportamiento entre las generaciones. En particular, en el contexto de retornos positivos a la educación y crecientes para las generaciones nuevas, la inversión en capital educativo se incentiva prolongando el período dedicado a estudiar. A su vez, estas decisiones se interrelacionan con el rezago en la edad del casamiento, así como la reducción del número de hijos y el aumento de la tasa de actividad de las mujeres casadas. Por último, estas evoluciones se acompañan del aumento del divorcio y la formación de hogares monoparentales. Con respecto a la inversión en capital humano de las generaciones recientes, el estudio encuentra que en los últimos años, las tasas de deserción en la enseñanza media dependen principalmente de la edad y del contexto del hogar. Así, no se detecta cambios de comportamiento recientes significativos relacionados a la cohorte con respecto a la conducta de los adolescentes. Sin embargo, un cambio generacional del comportamiento de los egresados de la enseñanza media da cuenta de una expansión de la asistencia a la enseñanza terciaria en el marco del un crecimiento de la rentabilidad de esta educación, en particular para los más jóvenes. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788045 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72975 Reserva
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Inventario Ubicación en el estante Tipo de medio Sección Ubicación Estado 038375 338.9 RES v.416 Libro Colección Biblioteca Central Disponible Research Network Working Paper, 518. Corporate governance and firm valuation in Colombia / Luis H. Gutiérrez
Título de serie: Research Network Working Paper, 518 Título : Corporate governance and firm valuation in Colombia Tipo de documento: texto impreso Autores: Luis H. Gutiérrez ; Carlos Pombo Editorial: Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo Fecha de publicación: 2005 Número de páginas: 71 p Idioma : Inglés Temas: BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
COLOMBIA
ESTADO CORPORATIVO
GOBIERNOClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: This paper studies the separation of ownership and control of 108 listed companies in Colombia from 1996 to 2002, finding that voting rights are greater than cash flow rights because of indirect ownership across firms. The paper also examines the association of various ownership and control measures and separation ratios with a firms value and performance for the same sample of companies that traded their stock from 1998 to 2002. Large blockholders were found to exert a positive influence upon a firms valuation and performance, which validates the positive monitoring approach of large shareholders, but this relationship is not monotonic. The paper further reports results from a 2004 survey which suggests that Colombian firms have been slow to improve their corporate governance practices. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=1229987 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72978 Research Network Working Paper, 518. Corporate governance and firm valuation in Colombia [texto impreso] / Luis H. Gutiérrez ; Carlos Pombo . - Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, 2005 . - 71 p.
Idioma : Inglés
Temas: BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
COLOMBIA
ESTADO CORPORATIVO
GOBIERNOClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: This paper studies the separation of ownership and control of 108 listed companies in Colombia from 1996 to 2002, finding that voting rights are greater than cash flow rights because of indirect ownership across firms. The paper also examines the association of various ownership and control measures and separation ratios with a firms value and performance for the same sample of companies that traded their stock from 1998 to 2002. Large blockholders were found to exert a positive influence upon a firms valuation and performance, which validates the positive monitoring approach of large shareholders, but this relationship is not monotonic. The paper further reports results from a 2004 survey which suggests that Colombian firms have been slow to improve their corporate governance practices. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=1229987 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72978 Reserva
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Inventario Ubicación en el estante Tipo de medio Sección Ubicación Estado 038376 338.9 RES v.518 Libro Colección Biblioteca Central Disponible
Título de serie: Research Network Working Paper, 517 Título : CEO and director turnover in Venezuela Tipo de documento: texto impreso Autores: Urbi Garay ; Maximiliano González Editorial: Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo Fecha de publicación: 2005 Número de páginas: 72 p Idioma : Inglés Temas: BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
DIRECTORES DE EMPRESAS
VENEZUELAClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: The aim of this study is to achieve a better understanding of corporate governance structures and mechanisms outside the United States by looking at a specific emerging economy: Venezuela. We first build a corporate governance practices index for publicly listed companies in this country; the overall results indicate that Venezuela exhibits relatively low corporate governance scores. Using this limited sample, we are able to find a positive relation between this corporate governance index and its sub-components and alternative measures of value (Tobin's q, price-to-book ratio, and dividend payout). In this environment, together with an underdeveloped financial market, a weak legal system, poor law enforcement, and high ownership concentration, we then address the question of whether the existing corporate governance system works at all in Venezuela. In particular, we are interested in studying the following two questions, which constitute a necessary condition for any corporate governance system to work. First, are poorly-performing CEOs more likely to be removed compared to well-performing CEOs? Second, is the role of the board to monitor the CEO or merely to serve as an advisor? To this end, we collected detailed data from 51 Venezuelan firms from 1984 to 2002. After controlling for characteristics related to CEO, board, ownership, firms, and time periods, we find that poor financial performance significantly increases the likelihood of CEO and director turnover. The empirical evidence is also consistent with the idea that directors in Venezuela play mainly an advisory role and not a monitoring role of the CEO. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=35425472 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72980 Research Network Working Paper, 517. CEO and director turnover in Venezuela [texto impreso] / Urbi Garay ; Maximiliano González . - Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, 2005 . - 72 p.
Idioma : Inglés
Temas: BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
DIRECTORES DE EMPRESAS
VENEZUELAClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: The aim of this study is to achieve a better understanding of corporate governance structures and mechanisms outside the United States by looking at a specific emerging economy: Venezuela. We first build a corporate governance practices index for publicly listed companies in this country; the overall results indicate that Venezuela exhibits relatively low corporate governance scores. Using this limited sample, we are able to find a positive relation between this corporate governance index and its sub-components and alternative measures of value (Tobin's q, price-to-book ratio, and dividend payout). In this environment, together with an underdeveloped financial market, a weak legal system, poor law enforcement, and high ownership concentration, we then address the question of whether the existing corporate governance system works at all in Venezuela. In particular, we are interested in studying the following two questions, which constitute a necessary condition for any corporate governance system to work. First, are poorly-performing CEOs more likely to be removed compared to well-performing CEOs? Second, is the role of the board to monitor the CEO or merely to serve as an advisor? To this end, we collected detailed data from 51 Venezuelan firms from 1984 to 2002. After controlling for characteristics related to CEO, board, ownership, firms, and time periods, we find that poor financial performance significantly increases the likelihood of CEO and director turnover. The empirical evidence is also consistent with the idea that directors in Venezuela play mainly an advisory role and not a monitoring role of the CEO. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=35425472 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72980 Reserva
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Inventario Ubicación en el estante Tipo de medio Sección Ubicación Estado 038377 338.9 RES v.517 Libro Colección Biblioteca Central Disponible Research Network Working Paper, 516. Corporate governance and ownership / Ricardo N. Bebczuk
Título de serie: Research Network Working Paper, 516 Título : Corporate governance and ownership : measurement and impact on corporate performance and dividend polices in Argentina Tipo de documento: texto impreso Autores: Ricardo N. Bebczuk Editorial: Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo Fecha de publicación: 2005 Número de páginas: 59 p Idioma : Inglés Temas: ARGENTINA
BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
EMPRESAS
GOBIERNO
POLITICA ECONOMICA
PROPIEDADClasificación: 338.9 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72981 Research Network Working Paper, 516. Corporate governance and ownership : measurement and impact on corporate performance and dividend polices in Argentina [texto impreso] / Ricardo N. Bebczuk . - Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, 2005 . - 59 p.
Idioma : Inglés
Temas: ARGENTINA
BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
EMPRESAS
GOBIERNO
POLITICA ECONOMICA
PROPIEDADClasificación: 338.9 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72981 Reserva
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Inventario Ubicación en el estante Tipo de medio Sección Ubicación Estado 038378 338.9 RES v.516 Libro Colección Biblioteca Central Disponible Research Network Working Paper, 466. The economic effects of unions in Latin America / Adriana Cassoni
Título de serie: Research Network Working Paper, 466 Título : The economic effects of unions in Latin America : their impact on wages and the economic performance of firms in Uruguay Tipo de documento: texto impreso Autores: Adriana Cassoni ; Gastón J. Labadie ; Gabriela Fachola Editorial: Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo Fecha de publicación: 2002 Número de páginas: 49 p Idioma : Inglés Temas: AMERICA LATINA
ASPECTOS ECONOMICOS
BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
EMPRESAS
NEGOCIOS
SALARIOS
SINDICATOS
URUGUAYClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: This study examines the impact of unionization and the level of centralization in bargaining, at the level of the industry or the firm, on wages and on the economic performance of firms within the manufacturing sector in Uruguay, using a panel of establishments for the period 1988 to 1995. In doing so, we control for the degree of exposure to international and regional competition as well as for industry and firm characteristics. The main findings suggest that unionization increases wages and employment and promotes investment due to firms substituting labor by capital. Unions tend to organize in those plants with highest rates of profits, but promote increases in productivity and prevent profitability increases. The mechanism at work seems to be that firms moved to more capital-intensive technologies, hence increasing the rate of growth of labor productivity and reducing that of profitability. Given the negative effect of unionization at the industry level on the rate of growth of profitability of firms, results also suggest that unions tended to organize and to be stronger in those sectors in which extra rents were higher due to monopoly power. The evidence also suggests that firm-level negotiations take into account the interests of both parties, so that enhanced productivity and probably survival were achieved together with lower rates of substitution between labor and capital and/or lower profits. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788092 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72984 Research Network Working Paper, 466. The economic effects of unions in Latin America : their impact on wages and the economic performance of firms in Uruguay [texto impreso] / Adriana Cassoni ; Gastón J. Labadie ; Gabriela Fachola . - Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, 2002 . - 49 p.
Idioma : Inglés
Temas: AMERICA LATINA
ASPECTOS ECONOMICOS
BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
EMPRESAS
NEGOCIOS
SALARIOS
SINDICATOS
URUGUAYClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: This study examines the impact of unionization and the level of centralization in bargaining, at the level of the industry or the firm, on wages and on the economic performance of firms within the manufacturing sector in Uruguay, using a panel of establishments for the period 1988 to 1995. In doing so, we control for the degree of exposure to international and regional competition as well as for industry and firm characteristics. The main findings suggest that unionization increases wages and employment and promotes investment due to firms substituting labor by capital. Unions tend to organize in those plants with highest rates of profits, but promote increases in productivity and prevent profitability increases. The mechanism at work seems to be that firms moved to more capital-intensive technologies, hence increasing the rate of growth of labor productivity and reducing that of profitability. Given the negative effect of unionization at the industry level on the rate of growth of profitability of firms, results also suggest that unions tended to organize and to be stronger in those sectors in which extra rents were higher due to monopoly power. The evidence also suggests that firm-level negotiations take into account the interests of both parties, so that enhanced productivity and probably survival were achieved together with lower rates of substitution between labor and capital and/or lower profits. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788092 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72984 Reserva
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Inventario Ubicación en el estante Tipo de medio Sección Ubicación Estado 038379 338.9 RES v.466 Libro Colección Biblioteca Central Disponible Research Network Working Paper, 467. Decentralization, fiscal discipline in sub-national governments and the bailout problem / Juan Pablo Nicolini
Título de serie: Research Network Working Paper, 467 Título : Decentralization, fiscal discipline in sub-national governments and the bailout problem : the case of Argentina Tipo de documento: texto impreso Autores: Juan Pablo Nicolini ; Josefina Posadas ; Juan Sanguinetti ; Pablo Sanguinetti ; Mariano Tommasi Editorial: Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo Fecha de publicación: 2002 Número de páginas: 60 p Idioma : Inglés Temas: ARGENTINA
ASPECTOS FINANCIEROS
ASPECTOS FISCALES
BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
DESCENTRALIZACION
GOBIERNO
GOBIERNO LOCALClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: This paper examines the determinants of fiscal performance of sub-national governments in Argentina. This will be done through analysis and examination of the overall regime of incentives, through an analysis of salient episodes of 'bailout' and through cross-sectional empirical analysis. The bailout episodes to be analyzed will include mostly those that occurred in the relationship between the national and provincial governments. Of primary interest will be the process that caused the crises and how both the provinces and the federal government reacted, with an emphasis on the incentives and constraints each faced. The paper will also try to explain the actual form that the bailout takes. The empirical analysis will emphasize those determinants of bailout related to the institutional design of intergovernmental fiscal institutions. Thus, the study will have direct implications regarding the strengths and weaknesses of the current institutional framework in generating sound fiscal behavior by the different levels of government. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788092 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72985 Research Network Working Paper, 467. Decentralization, fiscal discipline in sub-national governments and the bailout problem : the case of Argentina [texto impreso] / Juan Pablo Nicolini ; Josefina Posadas ; Juan Sanguinetti ; Pablo Sanguinetti ; Mariano Tommasi . - Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, 2002 . - 60 p.
Idioma : Inglés
Temas: ARGENTINA
ASPECTOS FINANCIEROS
ASPECTOS FISCALES
BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
DESCENTRALIZACION
GOBIERNO
GOBIERNO LOCALClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: This paper examines the determinants of fiscal performance of sub-national governments in Argentina. This will be done through analysis and examination of the overall regime of incentives, through an analysis of salient episodes of 'bailout' and through cross-sectional empirical analysis. The bailout episodes to be analyzed will include mostly those that occurred in the relationship between the national and provincial governments. Of primary interest will be the process that caused the crises and how both the provinces and the federal government reacted, with an emphasis on the incentives and constraints each faced. The paper will also try to explain the actual form that the bailout takes. The empirical analysis will emphasize those determinants of bailout related to the institutional design of intergovernmental fiscal institutions. Thus, the study will have direct implications regarding the strengths and weaknesses of the current institutional framework in generating sound fiscal behavior by the different levels of government. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788092 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72985 Reserva
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Inventario Ubicación en el estante Tipo de medio Sección Ubicación Estado 038380 338.9 RES v.467 Libro Colección Biblioteca Central Disponible
Título de serie: Research Network Working Paper, 472 Título : Credit constraints in Latin America : an overview of the micro evidence Tipo de documento: texto impreso Autores: Arturo Galindo ; Fabio Schiantarelli Editorial: Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo Fecha de publicación: 2002 Número de páginas: 29 p Idioma : Inglés Temas: AMERICA LATINA
BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
CREDITO
INVERSIONESClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: This paper summarizes and discusses new evidence on the nature, extent, evolution and consequences of financing constraints in Latin America; this evidence is drawn from a recent series of papers. The countries covered are Argentina, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Mexico, and Uruguay. All the new contributions share the characteristics of being based on micro data. Most of the data sources are firms’ balance sheets. For Argentina information on debt contracts and credit history is also available, while for Costa Rica personal information on entrepreneurs was also collected. Some of the papers investigate the determinants of firms’ financing choices, and the consequences of access or debt composition on performance. Other papers attempt to assess the severity of financing constraints, by focusing on firms’ investment choices. All the papers (but one) were part of the project “Determinants and Consequences of Financial Constraints Facing Firms in Latin America and the Caribbean,” financed by the IADB. However, other recent micro-econometric contributions are discussed as well. The results suggest that access to credit (and its cost) depends not only upon favorable balance sheet characteristics, but also upon the closeness of the relationship between firms and banks as well as credit history. Access to long-term loans and to loans denominated in foreign currency is positively related to the size and tangibility of firms’ assets and negatively related to measures of country risk. Moreover, firms that have foreign participation appear to be less financially constrained in their investment decisions. The same is true for firms that are associated with business groups. On the whole, it appears that financial liberalization tends to relax financial constraints for firms that were previously constrained, while financial crises tighten them. However, firms that have more access to external sources of finance via, for instance, exports or ownership links, appear to suffer less in the post-crisis period. The paper concludes with a discussion of the policy implications of these results. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788293 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72989 Research Network Working Paper, 472. Credit constraints in Latin America : an overview of the micro evidence [texto impreso] / Arturo Galindo ; Fabio Schiantarelli . - Washington : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, 2002 . - 29 p.
Idioma : Inglés
Temas: AMERICA LATINA
BANCO INTERAMERICANO DE DESARROLLO
CREDITO
INVERSIONESClasificación: 338.9 Resumen: This paper summarizes and discusses new evidence on the nature, extent, evolution and consequences of financing constraints in Latin America; this evidence is drawn from a recent series of papers. The countries covered are Argentina, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Mexico, and Uruguay. All the new contributions share the characteristics of being based on micro data. Most of the data sources are firms’ balance sheets. For Argentina information on debt contracts and credit history is also available, while for Costa Rica personal information on entrepreneurs was also collected. Some of the papers investigate the determinants of firms’ financing choices, and the consequences of access or debt composition on performance. Other papers attempt to assess the severity of financing constraints, by focusing on firms’ investment choices. All the papers (but one) were part of the project “Determinants and Consequences of Financial Constraints Facing Firms in Latin America and the Caribbean,” financed by the IADB. However, other recent micro-econometric contributions are discussed as well. The results suggest that access to credit (and its cost) depends not only upon favorable balance sheet characteristics, but also upon the closeness of the relationship between firms and banks as well as credit history. Access to long-term loans and to loans denominated in foreign currency is positively related to the size and tangibility of firms’ assets and negatively related to measures of country risk. Moreover, firms that have foreign participation appear to be less financially constrained in their investment decisions. The same is true for firms that are associated with business groups. On the whole, it appears that financial liberalization tends to relax financial constraints for firms that were previously constrained, while financial crises tighten them. However, firms that have more access to external sources of finance via, for instance, exports or ownership links, appear to suffer less in the post-crisis period. The paper concludes with a discussion of the policy implications of these results. En línea: http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=788293 Enlace permanente a este registro: https://opac.um.edu.uy/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72989 Reserva
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Inventario Ubicación en el estante Tipo de medio Sección Ubicación Estado 038381 338.9 RES v.472 Libro Colección Biblioteca Central Disponible